Influenza A, IgM, BioAssay(TM) ELISA Kit

Enzyme immunoassay for the detection and quantitative determination of human IgM antibodies against Influenza A in serum and plasma\n\nIntended Use:\nThe Influenza A IgM Antibody ELISA Test Kit has been designed for the the detection and the quantitative determination of specific IgA antibodies against Influenza A in serum and plasma. Further applications in other body fluids are possible and can be requested from the Technical Service of United States Biological. This assay is intended for in-vitro diagnostic use only. Laboratory results can never be the only base of a medical report. The patient history and further tests have additionally to be taken into account.\n\nThe influenza infection is an acute feverish virus infection, which principally leads to an illness of the respiratory tract and appears as an epidemic or pandemic. The infection mostly results from a droplet infection. The virus spreads from the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory to the whole bronchial tract. There the virus and its toxin can lead to a serious inflammation of the bronchial mucosa and a damage of the vessels. After an incubation time of 1 to 3 days the symptoms appear suddenly; followed by a fast increase of temperature, often accompanied by shivering, the catarrhal leading symptom appears, which contribute to the clinical course beside painful dry cough, tracheitis, laryngitis and frequently a rhinitis and conjunctivitis. The Influenza viruses form a virus group with principally similar morphological, chemical and biological features. The types A, B and C were defined, from which many other variants are known.\n\nThe distinction of the types will be possible by the different antigenicity of their nucleoproteins, which are coated by a matrix protein with type-specific antigenicity, too. However, both internal antigens are of less importance for the immunity. The essential antigens are the hemagglutinin and the neuraminidase. Both are surface antigens and subject to a permanent change of their antigenicity, which is called drift or shift. The appearence of permanent new Influenza epidemics and pandemics are particularly facilitated by an antigen variability, because the new drift or shift variants infect a population which is only partly immune or in an extreme case completely susceptible to the disease. The determination of the Influenza type (A, B, and C) gives both the clinician and epidemiologist important indications for further actions. Thus Influenza B often leads to a serious clinical course and an epidemic spread of the virus. Similarly, during an Influenza A epidemic, the epidemiological importance and derived measures for the protection of the individual and population primarily stand in the foreground together with the severity of the clinical symptoms.\n\nPrinciple of the Test:\nThe Influenza A IgM antibody test kit is based on the principle of the enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Influenza A antigen is bound on the surface of the microtiter strips. Diluted patient serum or ready-to-use standards are pipetted into the wells of the microtiter plate. A binding between the IgM antibodies of the serum and the immobilized Influenza A antigen takes place. After a one hour incubation at RT, the plate is rinsed with diluted wash solution, in order to remove unbound material. Then ready-to-use anti-human-IgA peroxidase conjugate is added and incubated for 30 minutes. After a further washing step, the substrate (TMB) solution is pipetted and incubated for 20 minutes, inducing the development of a blue dye in the wells. The color development is terminated by the addition of a stop solution, which changes the color from blue to yellow. The resulting dye is measured spectrophotometrically at the wavelength of 450nm. The concentration of the IgM antibodies is directly proportional to the intensity of the color.\n\nKit Components:\nMicrotiter plate, 1x96 wells\nCalibrator A (Negative Control), 1x2ml\nCalibrator B (Cut-Off Standard) 1x2ml\nCalibrator C (Weak Positive Control), 1x2ml\nCalibrator D (Positive Control), 1x2ml\nEnzyme Conjugate, 1x15ml\nSubstrate, 1x15ml\nStop Solution, 15ml\nSample Diluent, 1x60ml\nWashing Buffer (10

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

I7649-53

Size

1Kit

References

1. Drescher, J., Verhagen, W. Method for determining the equilibrium constant and the concentration of influenza virus IgG antihaemagglutinin antibody molecules by use of EIA titres determined with and without guanidine hydrochloride. J. Virol. Methods, 47(3): 307-19 (1994).\n2. Drescher, J., Verhagen, W. Determination of the concentration of influenza virus antihaemagglutinin antibody molecules of the IgG class and of the equilibrium constant by use of enzyme immunoassay titres determined for graded epitope concentrations. J. Virol. Methods, 55(2): 257-70 (1995).\n3. Lupulescu, E. et al. ELISA in the rapid diagnosis of influenza using as the detecting antibodies polyclonal antinucleoprotein sera. Bacteriol. Virusol. Parazitol. Epidemiol., 41(1-2): 63-7 (1996).\n4. Marcante, R. et al. Rapid diagnosis of influenza type A infection: comparison of shell-vial culture, directigen flu-A and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. New Microbiol., 19(2):141-7 (1996).\n5. Marinich, IG. et al. The immunoprophylaxis of influenza among elderly persons. Zh. Mikrobiol. Epidemiol. Immunobiol. (1997/3): 60-4.\n6. Moldoveanu, Z. et al. Human immune responses to influenza virus vaccines administered by systemic or mucosal routes. Vaccine 13(11): 1006-12 (1995).\n7. Naikhin, AN. et al. Immuno-enzyme analysis of post-vaccination secretory immunity to influenza A and B viruses using a manufactured monoclonal immunoenzyme test system. Vopr. Virusol. 42(6): 271-5 (1997).\n8. Naikhin, AN. et al. Monoclonal immuno-enzyme test-system for evaluating secretory immunity to influenza A and B viruses. Vopr. Virusol. 42(5): 212-6 (1997).\n9. Powers, DC. et al. Neuraminidase-specific antibody responses to inactivated influenza virus vaccine in young and elderly adults. Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. 3(5): 511-6 (1996).