Noggin, Recombinant, Human

Noggin belongs to a group of diffusible proteins which bind to ligands of the TGF-beta family and regulate their activity by inhibiting their access to signaling receptors.The interplay between TGF-beta ligands and their natural antagonists has major biological significance during development processes, in which cellular response can vary considerably depending upon the local concentration of the signaling molecule.Noggin was originally identified as a BMP-4 antagonist whose action is critical for proper formation of the head and other dorsal structures.Consequently, Noggin has been shown to modulate the activities of other BMPs including BMP-2,-7,-13, and -14.Targeted deletion of Noggin in mice results in prenatal death and recessive phenotype displaying a severely malformed skeletal system.Conversely, transgenic mice over-expressing Noggin in mature osteoblasts display impaired osteoblastic differentiation, reduced bone formation, and severe osteoporosis.Recombinant human Noggin is a 46kD disulfide-linked homodimer (120-10C) consisting of two 206 amino acid polypeptide chains.Monomeric glycosylated Noggin migrates at an apparent molecular weight of approximately 28.0-33.0kD by SDS PAGE analysis under reducing conditions.\n\nBiological Activity:\nDetermined by its ability to inhibit 5.0ng/ml of BMP-4 induced alkaline phosphatase production by ATDC chondrogenic cells. The expected ED50 for this effect is 2.0-3.0ng/ml of Noggin.\n\nAA Sequence:\nQHYLHIRPAP SDNLPLVDLI EHPDPIFDPK EKDLNETLLR SLLGGHYDPG FMATSPPEDR PGGGGGAAGG AEDLAELDQL LRQRPSGAMP SEIKGLEFSE GLAQGKKQRL SKKLRRKLQM WLWSQTFCPV LYAWNDLGSR FWPRYVKVGS CFSKRSCSVP EGMVCKPSKS VHLTVLRWRC QRRGGQRCGW IPIQYPIISE CKCSC\n\nCrossreactivity:\nChicken, Mouse\n\nQuality Control:\nVerified by N-terminal and Mass Spectrometry analyses (when applicable).\n\nEndotoxin:\n<0.1ng/ug of protein (<1EU/ug).\n\nProtein Content:\nVerified by UV Spectroscopy and/or SDS-PAGE gel.\n\nStorage and Stability:\nStore lyophilized products at -20 degrees C. For reconstituted solutions of most products, we recommend short-term storage at 4 degrees C. For longer term storage the protein solution should be stored with a carrier protein (eg. 0.1% BSA) in working aliquots and stored frozen at -20 degrees C. Additional freeze/thaw cycles may cause some denaturation of the protein.

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