Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF alpha) is a protein secreted by lipopolysaccharide stimulated macrophages, and causes tumor necrosis when injected into...
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways involve two closely related MAP kinases, known as extracellular-signal-related kinase 1 (ERK 1,...
Estrogen receptors (ER) are members of the steroid/thyroid hormone receptor superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors. Estrogen receptors,...
BRCA1 (breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility protein 1) is a nuclear phosphoprotein that plays a role in maintaining genomic stability and acts as a tumor...
Lymphokines are a group of signaling molecules involved in communication between cells of the immune system. Lymphokines secreted by activated lymphocytes...
The Bcl-2 gene was isolated at the chromosomal breakpoint of t-bearing follicular B cell lymphomas. Bcl-2 blocks cell death following a variety of stimuli...
Cytokine with a wide variety of biological functions. It is a potent inducer of the acute phase response. Plays an essential role in the final...
Proteolytic cleavage of the Amyloid protein precursor (APP) gives rise to the (beta)-Amyloid and Amyloid A4 proteins, which are present in human platelets....
The Abl oncogene was initially identified as the viral transforming gene of Abelson murine leukemia virus (A-MuLV). The major translational product of c-Abl...
14-3-3 proteins regulate many cellular processes relevant to cancer biology, notably apoptosis, mitogenic signaling and cell-cycle checkpoints. Seven...
Serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase (SGK), also known as SGK1, is a serine/threonine protein kinase and a member of the "AGC" subfamily, which...
Catalyzes the S-methylation of thiopurine drugs such as 6-mercaptopurine. Defects in TPMT are the cause of thiopurine S-methyltransferase deficiency (TPMT...
The x-ray repair cross-complementing (XRCC) proteins are responsible for efficiently repairing and maintaining genetic stability following DNA base damage....
Syntaxins have been shown to bind to various proteins involved in exocytosis, including VAMPs (vesicle-associated membrane proteins), NSF...
Binds to activated (phosphorylated) protein-Tyr kinases, through its SH2 domain, and acts as an adapter, mediating the association of the p110 catalytic unit...
The translation of proteins from eukaryotic mRNA is initiated by the multisubunit complex eIF-4F, which associates with the mRNA 5' cap structure. eIF-4E, a...
Histone methyltransferase that specifically mono- and dimethylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3 (H3K9me1 and H3K9me2, respectively) in euchromatin. H3K9me...
Enhances caspase-9-mediated apoptosis. Induces NF-kappa-B activity via RIPK2 and IKK-gamma. Confers responsiveness to intracellular bacterial...
The 20S proteasome is the major proteolytic enzyme complex involved in intracellular protein degradation. It consists of four stacked rings, each with seven...
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor which regulates the expression of many detoxification and antioxidant enzymes....