c-Abl (ABL1, v-abl, Abelson Murine Leukemia Viral Oncogene Homolog 1, ABL, c-ABL, JTK7, p150, Proto-Oncogene Tyrosine-Protein Kanase ABL1, v-abl)

Bcr-Abl hybrid gene product is a 210kD protein known to be assembled in K562 (human chronic myelogenous leukemia) cell line. c-Abl proto-oncogene encodes a nonreceptor type protein tyrosine kinase that is ubiquitously expressed and highly conserved in metazoan evolution. c-Abl protein is distributed in both nucleus and cytoplasm of cells. In chronic myelogenous leukemia and in a subset of acute lymphoblastic leukemias, c-abl proto-oncogene undergoes a (9;22) chromosomal translocation producing a novel rearranged chromosome (the Philadelphia chromosome) as the result of the fusion of c-Abl sequences from chromosome 9 to Bcr gene on chromosome 22. The molecular consequence of translocation is generation of a chimeric Bcr/Abl mRNA encoding activated Abl protein tyrosine kinase. It has been implicated in regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, cell adhesion and stress response (1-3). c-Abl kinase activity is increased in vivo by diverse physiological stimuli including integrin activation, PDGF stimulation and binding to c-Jun, Nck and RFX1. The in vivo mechanism of regulation of c-Abl kinase activity is not completely understood. Tyrosine 245 is located in the linker region between the SH2 and catalytic domains, which is conserved among the Abl family. Phosphorylation of Tyr245 is involved in activation of c-Abl kinase activity (5). Tyrosine 412 is located in the kinase activation loop of c-Abl molecules; phosphorylation of this residue is required for the kinase activity (6). Thr735 is in a conserved 14-3-3 protein binding motif, which can be phosphorylated upon stress stimulation or TPA treatment (Wu, J. et al. unpublished data). Phosphorylation of Thr735 in c-Abl may play an important role in regulation of c-Abl localization as well as its function.\nApplications: \nSuitable for use in Immunofluorescence, Immunoprecipitation, Western Blot and Immunohistochemistry. Other applications have not been tested.\n\nRecommended Dilution:\nImmunoprecipitation: 2ug/mg protein lysate (Use Protein G).\nWestern Blot: 1ug/ml for 2hrs at RT \nImmunohistochemistry (Formalin/paraffin): 2-4ug/ml for 30 minutes at RT. Staining of formalin-fixed tissues requires boiling tissue sections in 1mM EDTA, pH 8 for 10-20 minutes followed by cooling at RT for 20 minutes.\nOptimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.\n\nPositive Control: HeLa cells or placenta\n\nStorage and Stability: \nMay be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. For long-term storage and to avoid repeated freezing and thawing, add sterile 40-50% glycerol, aliquot and store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months at -20 degrees C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.

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