Chorionic Gonadotropin, Human, beta (hCG beta)

hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) is a peptide hormone and a member of the glycoprotein hormone beta chain family and encodes the beta 3 subunit of CG (Chorionic Gonadotropin). This protein plays a major role in pregnancy initiation and progression and is involved in trophoblast differentiation and fusion. After implantation, hCG is the first trophoblast signal detected in the maternal blood and is absolutely necessary for placental development. The beta subunit of CG is encoded by 6 genes which are arranged in tandem and inverted pairs on chromosome 19q13.3 and contiguous with the luteinizing hormone beta subunit gene (Cocquebert, 2012). Several reports substantiate a strong correlation between hCG beta over-expression and the promotion of angogenesis and the inhibition of apoptotic signaling pathways. Furthermore, hCG beta over-expression has also been reportedly related to the promotion of migration and invasion of carcinogenic cells, essentially by decreasing E-cadherin expression, thus conferring a more metastatic phenotype of tumor cells. It is hypothesized that hCG beta acts through antagonizing the TGFb receptor, since only intact hCG can stimulate the LH/hCG receptor even if the latter is expressed in hCG-positive tumors. More recently, hCG has been reported to be involved in activation of intracellular AKT/mTORC1 signalling pathway thus assissting in cell proliferation. Based on these findings, it is evaluated that the binding of monoclonal hCG beta antibody with the surface membrane of three human cancer cell lines to further assess their cytotoxic effect on them. This antibody is specific to the beta subunit of hCG. It does not recognize LH or FSH and has <5% cross reactivity with LH even though the -a chain sequence is similar for these three hormones. They are postulated to have a potential use as a new therapeutic option for advanced stage of hCG-expressing tumors (Bandopadhyaya, 2012).\n\nApplications: \nSuitable for use in Immunohistochemistry. Other applications not tested.\n\nRecommended Dilution:\nImmunohistochemistry(Paraffin): 1:200-1:400\nOptimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.\n\nStorage and Stability:\nMay be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

138531

Size

20ug

Applications

IHC

Hosts

Mouse

Reactivities

Hum

Form

Supplied as a liquid in PBS, 0.05% BSA, 0.05% sodium azide.

P Type

Mab

Purity

Purified by Protein A affinity chromatography.

Isotype

IgG1,k

References

1. Cocquebert M, Berndt S, Segond N, Guibourdenche J, Murthi P, Aldaz-Carroll L, Evain-Brion D, Fournier T. Comparative expression of hCG B-genes in human trophoblast from early and late first-trimester placentas. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Oct 15;303(8):E950-8. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00087.2012. Epub 2012 Jul 17. PMID: 22811468 2. Bandopadhyaya GP, Arora G, Shukla J, Ghosh S. Recognition based hormonal 95kD monoclonal antibody on three human cancer cell lines for developing targeted radio-immuno-imaging and therapy. Hell J Nucl Med. 2012 May-Aug;15(2):108-13. PMID:22833856

Additional Info

Recognizes human hCG beta.