Citrinin (NSC 186, BRN 0088597, Antimycin)

Antibiotic. Antiprotozoal. Antimicrobial. Cytotoxic and genotoxic in various mammalian cells. Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) activator. Apoptosis inducer. ERK and JNK signaling pathways activator. Nephrotoxic mycotoxin. Suppresses NO and iNOS expression via inhibition of the JAK/STAT-1alpha and NF-kappaB signaling pathways. Tubulin polymerization and mitotic spindle assembly inhibitor. Increases reactive oxygen species (ROS). Induces cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 and G2/M phase.\n\nStorage and Stability:\nShort-term Storage: +4 degrees C\nLong-term Storage: -20 degrees C\nStable for at least 3 years after receipt when stored at -20 degrees C.

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

044666

Size

1mg

Purity

>97% (HPLC)

References

Product Reference: \n?Citrinin: T.S. Gore, et al.; Nature 16, 157 (1946)\n?Citrinin as an Antibiotic: Y. Wang, et al.; Science 106, 291 (1947)\n?Antiprotozoal activity in citrinin: A.W. Hayes, et al.; Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 15, 429 (1976)\n?Cytotoxicity of citrinin in cultured kidney epithelial cell systems: M. Yoneyama, et al.; Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 11, 100 (1986)\n?Citrinin-induced mitochondrial permeability transition: E.J. Da Lozzo, et al.; J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol. 12, 291 (1998)\n?Antimicrobial activity of the mycotoxin citrinin obtained from the fungus penicillium citrinum: P.M. Mazumder, et al.; Anc. Sci. Life. 21, 191 (2002)\n?Citrinin induces apoptosis in HL-60 cells via activation of the mitochondrial pathway: F.Y. Yu, et al.; Toxicol. Lett. 161, 143 (2006)\n?Citrinin induces apoptosis via a mitochondria-dependent pathway and inhibition of survival signals in embryonic stem cells, and causes developmental injury in blastocysts: W.H. Chan; Biochem. J. 404, 317 (2007)\n?Citrinin induces apoptosis in mouse embryonic stem cells: W.H. Chan; IUBMB Life 60, 171 (2008) (Review)\n?Activation of ERK and JNK signaling pathways by mycotoxin citrinin in human cells: C.H. Chang, et al.; Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 237, 281 (2009)\n?Toxicological properties of citrinin: D. Flajs & M. Peraica; Arh. Hig. Rada Toksikol. 60, 457 (2009) (Review)\n?The fungal metabolite, citrinin, inhibits lipopolysaccharide/interferon-gamma-induced nitric oxide production in glomerular mesangial cells: B.H. Liu, et al.; Int. Immunopharmacol. 10, 1608 (2010)\n?Mycotoxin citrinin induced cell cycle G2/M arrest and numerical chromosomal aberration associated with disruption of microtubule formation in human cells: C.H. Chang, et al.; Toxicol. Sci. 119, 84 (2011)\n?Citrinin-generated reactive oxygen species cause cell cycle arrest leading to apoptosis via the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway in mouse skin: R. Kumar, et al.; Toxicol. Sci. 122, 557 (2011)\n?

Alternative Names

NSC 186, BRN 0088597, Antimycin