Creatine Phosphate, Disodium Salt (CP, Phosphocreatine, PCr)

Creatine Phosphate or PCr (Pcr), is a phosphorylated creatine molecule that is an important energy store in skeletal muscle and in the brain. It is used to anaerobically regenerate ATP from ADP for the 2 to 7 seconds following an intense muscular or neuronal effort, in the process forming creatine. It does that by donating a phosphate group. Conversely, excess ATP can be used during a period of low effort to convert creatine to phosphocreatine, converting itself in the process to ADP by donating the phosphate group back. Both reactions are catalyzed by several creatine kinases, which play many roles in cellular metabolism. For example, presence of creatine kinase (CK-MB, MB for muscle/brain) in plasma is indicative of tissue damage and is used in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction.[1] The cell's ability to generate phosphocreatine from excess ATP during rest, as well as its use of phosphocreatine for quick regeneration of ATP during intense activity provides a spatial and temporal buffer of ATP concentration. In other words, phosphocreatine acts as high-energy reserve in a coupled reaction; the energy given off from donating the phosphate group is used to regenerate the other compound-in this case, ATP. Phosphocreatine plays a particularly important role in tissues that have high, fluctuating energy demands such as muscle and brain.\n\nPhosphocreatine is formed from parts of three amino acids: Arginine (Arg), Glycine (Gly), and Methionine (Met). It can be synthesized by formation of guanidinoacetate from Arg and Gly (in kidney) followed by methylation (S-adenosyl methionine, SAM is required) to creatine (in liver), and phosphorylation by creatine kinase (ATP is required) to phosphocreatine (in muscle); catabolism: hydrolysis to creatinine. Phosphocreatine is synthesized in the liver and transported to the muscle cells, via the bloodstream, for storage.\n[edit]History\n\nThe discovery of phosphocreatine[2][3] was reported by Grace and Philip Eggleton of the University of Cambridge[4] and separately by Cyrus Fiske and Yellapragada Subbarow of the Harvard Medical School[5] in 1927. A few years later David Nachmansohn, working under Meyerhof at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute in Dahlem, Berlin, contributed to the understanding of the phosphocreatine's role in the cell.[3]\n\nSodium: 14.0

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

C7910-30

Size

10g

Applications

ELISA

Purity

? 95% when determined by enzymatic analysis with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, hexokinase and creatine kinase coupling system at pH 7.0

References

1. Schlattner, U.; Tokarska-Schlattner, M., and Wallimann, T. (2006). \"Mitochondrial creatine kinase in human health and disease\". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular Basis of Disease 1762 (2): 164-180.\n2. Saks, Valdur (2007). Molecular system bioenergetics: energy for life. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. p. 2. ISBN 9783527317875.\n3. Ochoa, Severo (1989), Sherman, E. J.; National Academy of Sciences, eds., David Nachmansohn, Biographical Memoirs, 58, National Academies Press, pp. 357-404, ISBN 9780309039383\n4. Eggleton, Philip; Eggleton, Grace Palmer (1927). \"The inorganic phosphate and a labile form of organic phosphate in the gastrocnemius of the frog\". Biochemical Journal 21 (1): 190-195.\n5. Fiske, Cyrus H.; Subbarow, Yellapragada (1927). \"The nature of the 'inorganic phosphate' in voluntary muscle\". Science 65 (1686): 401-403.