Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is well known as one of the key enzymes involved in glycolysis. Besides functioning as a glycolytic enzyme in cytoplasm, evidence suggests that mammalian GAPDH is also involved in a great number of intracellular processes such as membrane fusion, microtubule bundling, phosphotransferase activity, nuclear RNA export, DNA replication and DNA repair. During the last decade, many findings have been made concerning the role of GAPDH in different pathologies including prostate cancer progression, programmed neuronal cell death and age-related neuronal diseases such as Alzheimer