Hepatitis B Protein X (HBx)

Hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) is a 17 kD transcriptional coactivator that plays a significant role in the regulation of genes involved in inflammation and cell survival. It regulates many transcription factors including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) and plays a key role in hepatocarcinogenesis. HBx facilitates the binding of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) to its responsive element. HBx stabilizes the cellular coactivator ASC-2 through direct protein-protein interaction, affecting the regulation of genes actively transcribed in liver cancer cells. HBx transactivates both JNK and MAPK signal transduction pathways in association with the mobilization of cytosolic Ca2+. The communication between HBx and general transcription factor TFIIB is also one of the mechanisms which account for its transcriptional transactivation. HBx decreased the expression of PTEN a known tumor suppressor and a negative regulator of phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase/AKT and HBx decreased the expression of PTEN in HBx-transfected cells. The etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is involved with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and HBx in particular plays a role in the development of HBV-related HCC. The persistence of HBx is important to the pathogenesis of early HCC and HBx expression in the liver during chronic HBV infection may be an important prognostic marker for the development of HCC.\n\nApplications:\nSuitable for use in ELISA, Immunoprecipitation and Western Blot. Other applications have not been tested.\n\nRecommended Dilutions:\nOptimal dilution to be ddtermined by the researcher.\n\nAmino Acid Sequence: \nMAARVCCQLD PARDVLCLRP VGAESRGRPV SGPFGTLPSP SSSAVPADHG AHLSLRGLPV CAFSSAGPCALRFTSARRME TTVNAHQVLP KVLHKRTLGL SAMSTTDLEA YFKDCLFKDW EELGEEIRLK VFVLGGCRHK\nLVCSPAPCNF FTSA.\n\nStorage and Stability:\nLyophilized powder may be stored at -20 degrees C. Stable for 12 months at -20 degrees C. Reconstitute with sterile ddH2O. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Reconstituted product is stable for 12 months at -20 degrees C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

H1905-14

Size

50ug

Applications

ELISA, IP, WB

Hosts

Rabbit

Reactivities

Hum

Form

Supplied as a lyophilized powder from PBS, pH 7.2. No preservative added. Reconstitute with 50ul sterile ddH2O.

P Type

Pab

Purity

Purified by immunoaffinity chromatography .

Isotype

IgG

References

1. Hwang GY, Lin CY, Huang LM, Wang YH, Wang JC, Hsu CT, Yang SS, Wu CC. Detection of the hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) antigen and anti-HBx antibodies in cases of human hepatocellular carcinoma. J Clin Microbiol. 2003 Dec; 41(12): 5598-603. 2. Song CZ, Bai ZL, Song CC, Wang QW. Aggregate formation of hepatitis B virus X protein affects cell cycle and apoptosis. World J Gastroenterol. 2003 Jul; 9(7): 1521-4. 3. Madden CR, Slagle BL. Stimulation of cellular proliferation by hepatitis B virus X protein. Dis Markers. 2001; 17(3): 153-7. Review. 4. Arbuthnot P, Kew M. Hepatitis B virus and hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Exp Pathol. 2001 Apr; 82(2): 77-100.

Additional Info

Recognizes human Hepatitis B Protein X.