Mannose Receptor (MR)

The Mannose Receptor (MR), a member of the vertebrate C-type lectin family, is a pattern recognition receptor that is involved in both innate and adaptive immunity. The 180kD transmembrane protein consists of 5 domains: an amino-terminal cysteine-rich region, a fibronectin type II repeat, a series of eight tandem lectin-like carbohydrate recognition domains (responsible for the recognition of mannose and fucose), a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular carboxy-terminal tail. The structure is shared by the family of multi lectin mannose receptors: the phospholipase A2-receptor, DEC 205 and the novel C-type lectin receptor (mannose receptor X). The MR recognizes a wide range of gram positive and gram negative bacteria, yeasts, parasites and mycobacteria. The MR has also been shown to bind and internalize tissue-type plasminogen activator. MRs are present on monocytes and dendritic cells (DC) and are presumed to play a role in innate and adaptive immunity, the latter via processing by DC. The expression of MR as observed in immunohistology is present on tissue macrophages, dendritic cells, a subpopulation of endothelial cells, Kupffer cells and sperm cells. \nThe expression of MR on monocytes increases during culture and can be enhanced by cytokines such as ImmunofluorescenceN-gamma. Labeling of MR expressing monocytes/macrophages increases at 37 degrees C with prolonged incubation time probably due to internalization of the MR-antibody-complex. The antibody prevents binding of glycoproteins including t-PA to MR. Detection of the MR with anti-MR monoclonal antibody can substitute staining for mannose containing probes as labeled mannosylated BSA, a technique which is more cumbersome and less specific. \n\nApplications: \nSuitable for use in Flow Cytometry, Western Blot and Immunohistochemistry (Frozen sections). Other applications not tested.\n\nRecommended Dilution:\nOptimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.\n\nStorage and Stability:\nMay be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. For long-term storage and to avoid repeated freezing and thawing, aliquot and add glycerol (40-50%). Freeze at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months at -20 degrees C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.

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