MAP Kinase p38 alpha (Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase p38 alpha, MAPK p38 alpha, CRK1, Csbp1, Csbp2, Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase 14, MAP Kinase 14, MAPK 14, Mapk14, Mxi2, p38, p38alpha, p38-alpha, p38a, p38MAPK, PRKM14, PRKM15)

Recent studies on mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) have uncovered the presence of at least three distinct MAP kinase pathways in mammalian cells (1). These MAP-kinase cascades are utilized by the cell for related yet distinct signaling pathways, thereby functioning as separate modules containing sequentially acting signaling elements. Each MAPK module consists minimally of three protein kinases: a MAPK kinase kinase (MEKK), a MAPK kinase (MEK or MKK), and a MAPK. The terminal MAPKs components of the three cascades are grouped as follows: 1. ERKs-extracellular signal regulated kinases. 2. JNKs/SAPKs-c-Jun amino terminal kinases/ stress-activated protein kinase. 3. p38/HOG-related to the yeast HOG1 protein and also referred to as CSBP1&2, RK, or Mpk2. As suggested by their name, the ERKs are regulated predominantly by extracellular ligands which act though transmembrane receptors with intrinsic or associated tyrosine kinase activity. On the other hand, the JNKs and p38 are activated by pro-inflammatory cytokines and environmental stress such as osmotic shock, and UV light. One important feature shared by the ERK, JNK and p38 kinases is the presence of the regulatory motif Thr-X-Tyr. Each kinase group, however, possess a distinct amino acid in the central (X) position: ERKs have a glutamic acid (Glu), JNKs have a proline (Pro), and p38 has a glycine (Gly). Phosphorylation of both the conserved threonine and tryosine residues by a dual specificity MEK (MKK) is required for kinase activation. Once activated, the MAP kinases phosphorylate their substrates on serine and/or threonine residues with consequent effect on the substrate

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

M2352-03

Size

100ug

Applications

ELISA, WB

Hosts

Mouse

Reactivities

Hum, Mouse, Rat, NHP

Form

Supplied as a liquid in PBS, pH 7.4, 0.1% sodium azide.

P Type

Mab

Purity

Purified by Protein A affinity chromatography.

Isotype

IgG2a,k

References

1. Davis, R.J., Trends in Biochem. Sci. 19: 470-473 (1994). 2. Han, J., et al., Science 265: 808-811 (1994). 3. Lee, J.C., et al., Nature 372: 739-746 (1994). 4. Raingeaud, J., et al., J. Biol. Chem. 270: 7420-7426 (1995). 5. Derijard, B., et al., Science 267: 682 (1995). 6. Raingeaud, J., et al., Mol. Cell. Biol. 16: 1247-1255 (1996). 7. Freshney, N.W., et al., Cell 78: 1039-1049 (1994). 8. Rouse, J.P., Cell 78: 1027-1037 (1994). 9. Zhang, S.J., et al., J. Biol. Chem. 270: 23,934-23,936 (1995). 10. McLaughlin, M.M., et al., J. Biol. Chem. 271: 8488-8492 (1996). 11. Wang, X., et al., Science 272: 1347-1349 (1996). 12. Xia, Z., et al., Science 270: 1326-1331 (1995).

Additional Info

Reacts specifically with p38-a-MAP kinase and does not crossreact with other MAP kinases. The immunoreactive epitope has not yet been identified. Reactivity was confirmed by Western Blot using lysates derived from the following cell lines: J774A.1 (mouse macrophage), BHK hamster kidney), CHO (hamster ovary), COS (monkey kidney), Jurkat, PC-12, NIH 3T3, C2C12 (mouse myoblast) and L929. Species Crossreactivity: Human, mouse, rat, hamster and monkey.

Alternative Names

EC=2.7.11.24