Phosphatase, Alkaline, Placental (PLAP, Alkaline Phosphatase Placental, Alkaline Phosphatase Placental Type, ALP, ALPP, Glycerophosphatase, PLAP-1, Regan Isozyme)

Alkaline phosphatases are dimeric metalloenzymes which catalyses the hydrolysis of phosphomonoesters with release of inorganic phosphate and alcohol. In humans, three (placental, PLAP; germ cell, GCAP; and intestinal, IAP) out of the four alkaline phosphatases isozymes are tissue-specific. These three are 90-98% homologous and their genes are clustered on chromosome 2 while the fourth isoenzyme is tissue non-specific and is located on chromosome 1. The placental isoenzyme (PLAP), the most stable of the isoenzymes has attracted much interest because it is structurally related to some of the tumor-associated alkaline phosphatases. The crystal structure of human PLAP revealed three additional domains compared to the bacterial enzyme which correspond to an interfacial crown domain, an N-terminal alpha-helix and a peripheral calcium-binding domain. The enzyme is heat labile and is enzymatically inefficient, with a lower catalytic constant (kcat 460 s-1). It plays a role in transfer of maternal IgG to the fetus. More recently, it was reported that PLAP stimulates DNA synthesis and cell proliferation in fibroblasts in concert with insulin, zinc and calcium ions.\n\nApplications:\nSuitable for use in Immunohistochemistry. Other applications not tested.\n\nRecommended Dilution:\nImmunohistochemistry (formalin fixed paraffin embedded): 1:100 (30 minute incubation at RT). Antigen retrieval: 10mM citrate buffer, pH 6.0\nOptimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.\n\nPositive Control:\nPlacenta\n\nStorage and Stability:\nMay be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

P4071-16K

Size

250ul

Applications

IHC

Hosts

Rabbit

Reactivities

Hum, Mouse, Rat

Form

Supplied as a liquid, 0.05% sodium azide.

P Type

Mab

Purity

Supernatant

Isotype

IgG

References

1. Paola et al. Journal of Molecular Biology 350: 441, 2005. 2. Chang et al. European Journal of Biochemistry 209: 241, 1992.

Additional Info

Recognizes human PLAP. Reacts with a membrane-bound isoenzyme of Placental Alkaline Phosphatase (PLAP) occurring in the placenta during the third trimester of gestation Highly specific to PLAP and shows no cross-reaction with other isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatases. It is useful in the identification of testicular germ cell tumors. Unlike germ cell tumors, PLAP-positive somatic cell tumors uniformly express epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). Species Crossreactivity: mouse and rat.