Phospholipase A2, Secretory (PLA2, sPLA2)

Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) catalyzes the hydrolysis of the sn-2 position of membrane glycerophospholipids to liberate arachidonic acid (AA), a precursor of eicosanoids including prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The same reaction also produces lysophosholipids, which represent another class of lipid mediators. The secretory PLA2 (sPLA2) family, in which 10 isozymes have been identified, consists of lowmolecular weight, Ca2+-requiring secretory enzymes that have been implicated in a number of biological processes, such as modification of eicosanoid generation, inflammation, and host defense. This enzyme has been proposed to hydrolyze phosphatidylcholine (PC) in lipoproteins to liberate lyso- PC and free fatty acids in the arterial wall, thereby facilitating the accumulation of bioactive lipids and modified lipoproteins in atherosclerotic foci. In mice, sPLA2 expression significantly influences HDL particle size and composition and demonstrate that an induction of sPLA2 is required for the decrease in plasma HDL cholesterol in response to inflammatory stimuli. Instillation of bacteria into the bronchi was associated with surfactant degradation and a decrease in large:small ratio of surfactant aggregates in rats. sPLA2-IIA can exert beneficial action in the context of infectious diseases since recent studies have shown that this enzyme exhibits potent bactericidal effects. Induction of the synthesis of sPLA2-IIA is generally initiated by endotoxin and a limited number of cytokines via paracrine and/or autocrine processes.\n\nApplications:\nSuitable for use in ELISA, Western Blot and Immunohistochemistry. Other applications not tested.\n\nRecommended Dilutions:\nWestern Blot: 5-10ug/ml detects 10ng PLA2 under non-reducing conditions. Human synovial PLA2 was resolved by electrophoresis, transferred to nitrocellulose and probed with P4074-06. Proteins were visualized using an IgG (HRP) goat anti-mouse and a chemiluminescence detection system.\nELISA: 1:300 detects 3-28ng PLA2\nImmunohistochemistry: Detects PLA2 in colorectal resection specimens.\nOptimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.\n\nStorage and Stability: \nMay be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.

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