PTPRs, Recombinant, Human (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor-type Sigma, PTPRS)

Phosphatase Receptor-type sigma (PTPRs), also known as PTPs, is a 200kD type I transmembrane glycoprotein that is a member of the class 2A (LAR) subfamily of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family (1). Human PTPRs cDNA encodes 1948aa including a 29aa signal sequence, a 1253aa extracellular domain (ECD) with three C2-type Ig domains and eight Fibronectin (Fn) type III domains, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic region with two PTP domains (1, 2). Multiple differentially expressed splice variants lack sections of the Ig and/or Fn domains and/or cytoplasmic juxtamembrane sequence (1, 2). PKC activation in the cell promotes endoprotease cleavage of PTPRs, releasing the 140-160kD ECD (3). The human PTPRs ECD shares 93%aa sequence identity with the nearest isoform of mouse and rat PTPRs, 96% with bovine PTPRs, and 97% with porcine PTPRs. Activity of PTPRs can be inhibited by bisphosphonates (2). PTPRs is a receptor for several proteins, including neural chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans which inhibit nerve regeneration (4, 5). It also binds and dephosphorylates targets such as N-Cadherin, E-Cadherin, EGF R and Ret (6-9). Through these interactions PTPRs affects pituitary and neuroendocrine development, and axon growth and targeting (4-6). Mice deleted for PTPRs show pituitary, pancreatic, and gut abnormalities, mainly due to growth hormone insufficiency (9-12). They also show enhanced regeneration, but faulty targeting, of injured peripheral nerves (4-6, 13). Head and neck squamous cell cancers frequently underexpress PTPRs (14). Since PTPRs inhibits EGF R signaling pathways, its underexpression can enhance tumor cell growth (14).\n\nSource: \nRecombinant corresponding to aa30-1260 from human PTPRs at C-terminal, fused to 6-His tag expressed in NS0 cells (NP_570924). \n\nMolecular Weight: \n~135.8kD\n\nBiological Activity:\nMeasured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. When Recombinant Human PTPR sigma is coated at 2ug/ml, rhTrkC Fc Chimera binds with KD <1nm.\n \nEndotoxin: \n<0.10 EU per 1ug of protein by the LAL method\n\nStorage and Stability:\nLyophilized powder may be stored at -20 degrees C. Stable for 12 months at -20 degrees C. Reconstitute with sterile buffer or ddH2O. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Reconstituted product is stable for 6 months at -20 degrees C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

167692

Size

50ug

Reactivities

Hum

Form

Supplied as a lyophilized powder in HEPES, NaCl. Reconstitute with sterile PBS to 500ug/ml.

Purity

~95% (SDS-PAGE)

References

1. Pulido, R. et al. (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92:11686. 2. Endo, N. et al. (1996) J. Bone Miner. Res. 11:535. 3. Aicher, B. et al. (1997) J. Cell Biol. 138:681. 4. Shen, Y. et al. (2009) Science 326:592. 5. Duan, Y. and R.J. Giger (2010) Sci. Signal. 3:pe6. 6. Siu, R. et al. (2007) Mol. Cell. Biol. 27:208. 7. Vijayvargia, R. et al. (2004) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 325:344. 8. Uetani, N. et al. (2009) J. Clin. Invest. 119:924. 9. Muise, A.M. et al. (2007) Curr. Biol. 17:1212. 10. Elchebly, M. et al. (1999) Nat. Genet. 21:330. 11. Batt, J. et al. (2002) Mol. Endocrinol. 16:155. 12. Chagnon, M.J. et al. (2006) Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 84:755. 13. McLean, J. et al. (2002) J. Neurosci. 22:5481. 14. Morris, L.G. et al. (2011) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 108:19024.