Na+/H+ exchangers-1-6 (Na+/H+ antiporters, NHE-1-6) are integral membrane proteins that are expressed in most mammalian tissues where they regulate intracellular pH and cell volume. NHEs mediate the secondary active extrusion of hydrogen (H+) ions out of cells in exchange for extracellular sodium (Na+). Excluding NHE-1, which is ubiquitously expressed, the NHE isoforms 2-6 have distinct tissue- and cell type-dependent expression, and inhibitiory characteristics by amiloride analogs.
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