TGF-B1 (transforming growth factor B1) is a multifunctional cytokine which regulates cellular proliferation and differentiation. It is ubiquitously expressed by many types of cells. Platelets express high level of TGF-B. TGF-B is synthesized as a large protein precursor and then secreted as a complex of TGF-B and LAP (latency-associated peptide), in which LAP noncovalently associates with the dimeric mature TGF-B to prevent its activity. TGF-B requires activation before it binds to its receptors and exerts functions. It has been reported that LAP-TGF-B binds to the integrins avB1, avB6, avB8, and a8B1 through RGD domain. TGF-B plays important roles in controlling proliferation and differentiation of epithelial cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, neurons, osteoclasts, and osteoblasts. TGF-B is believed to be important in the regulation of the development of Treg, Th17, and Th9 cells. A recent study has shown that LAP is an activated Treg surface marker.
Applications:
Suitable for use in Flow Cytometry, ELISA and Immunohistochemistry. Other applications not tested.
Recommended Dilution:
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin fixed paraffin embedded): 1:500
Immunohistochemistry: Frozen
Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.
Storage and Stability:
May be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.
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