Protein S (PROS1, PROS, Vitamin K Dependent Protein S)

Protein S is a vitamin K dependent plasma glycoprotein (MW 69000) which belongs to a group of coagulation inhibitors consisting itself of proteinases. It circulates in the blood in a free active form and in an inactive form bound to C4b binding protein. Protein S is also released by thrombin stimulation from platelet alpha-granules. Protein S acts a s a cofactor for activated protein C (pCa) enhancing the cleavage of factors Va and VIIIa, producing anticoagulation by decreasing the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. It also stimulates the fibrinolytic system. Protein S looses much of its coagulant cofactor activity after cleavage by thrombin, a process which is inhibited by thrombomodulin in the presence of free calcium ions. Plasma concentration of protein S may be significantly reduced below normal adult levels (2.5mg/ml) in\npatients with hereditary deficiency of protein S or suffering a combination of deep vein thrombosis, superficial thrombophlebitis and pulmonary embolism. Substances such as bacterial endotoxins, tumor necrosis factor and immune mediator interleukin 1 also reduce the protein S level in plasma. Oral contraceptives also depress pS activity. A reduction in plasma protein S during pregnancy usually returns to normal after parturition.\n\nApplications: \nSuitable for use in ELISA, Immunoprecipitation, Immunoelectrophoresis and Double Radial Immunodiffusion. Other applications not tested.\n\nRecommended Dilution:\nImmunoelectrophoresis: 120ul against 2ul human serum\nDouble Radial Immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony): Use a rosette arrangement with 10ul in a 3mm diameter center well and 10ul in 3mm diameter peripheral wells. \nNote: Plasma samples and all assay components must contain EDTA to stabilize the protein.\nOptimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.\n\nStorage and Stability:\nLyophilized powder may be stored at -20 degrees C. Stable for 12 months at -20 degrees C. Reconstitute with sterile ddH2O. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Reconstituted product is stable for 12 months at -20 degrees C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

P9108-09D

Size

1ml

Applications

ELISA, IP

Hosts

Goat

Reactivities

Hum

Form

Supplied as a lyophilized powder. Preservative free. Reconstitute with 1ml sterile ddH2O. Dilute further in PBS, pH 7.2.

P Type

Pab

Purity

Serum

Isotype

IgG

Additional Info

Recognizes human Protein S. A single precipitin line is obtained in immunoelectrophoresis,\nbidimensional electrophoresis and double radial immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony) against normal plasma, which shows a reaction of identity with the precipitated purified protein S. Also reacts with the protein S component in complexes with protein C or with C4b binding protein. No reaction is obtained with any other plasma protein. Does not crossreact with any other component of human plasma.