Cell growth and viability is compromised by oxygen deprivation (hypoxia). Hypoxia-inducible factors, including HIF-1alpha, HIF-1beta (also designated Arnt...
ABCG2, is also known as placenta-specific ABC transporter and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP1). ABCG2 confers resistance for a variety of...
IL-12 is secreted by macrophages and human B-lymphoblastoid cells in response to antigenic stimulation. This IL is responsible for the differentiation of...
IL-8 has been shown to function as a potent neutrophil chemostatic and activating peptide and is an important mediator of inflammatory diseases. Two distinct...
The S-100 family of calcium-activated proteins interact with a range of target proteins to modulate biological signaling pathways. Numerous cancer cell lines...
Many isoforms of aquaporin have been identified in mammals, designated AQP0 through AQP10. Aquaporins are widely distributed and it is not uncommon for more...
When T cells encounter antigens via the T cell receptor (TCR), information about the quantity and quality of antigens is relayed to the intracellular signal...
Neurophysin I (NPI) and neurophysin II (NPII) function as carrier proteins for oxytocin and vasopressin, respectively. Oxytocin is a pituitary hormone which...
CD63 (also known as LAMP-3, Melanoma-associated antigen ME491, TSPAN30, MLA1 and OMA81H) is a lysosomal membrane glycoprotein that translocates to the plasma...
Bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) are members of the TGFbeta superfamily. BMPs are involved in the induction of cartilage and bone formation. In vivo studies...
The receptor for IL-20 (IL-20R) exists as a dimer consisting of IL-20Ralpha and IL-20Rbeta. IL-20R also functions as a receptor for IL-19, IL-24 and IL-26....
Interleukin 5 (IL-5) is a soluble T cell-derived factor, also known as T cellreplacing factor (TRF), that induces B cell and eosinophil growth and...
Connexin proteins share a common topology of four transmembrane alpha-helical domains, two extracellular loops, a cytoplasmic loop and cytoplasmic N- and...
The peroxiredoxin (PRX) family comprises six antioxidant proteins, PRX I, II, III, IV, V and VI, which protect cells from reactive oxygen species (ROS) by...
DIO3 (deiodinase, iodothyronine, type III), also known as D3, 5DIII, TXDI3 or DIOIII, is a single-pass type II membrane protein that belongs to the...
TRAF1 and TRAF2 (for TNF receptor-associated factors 1 and 2, respectively). Both function to form heterodimeric complexes and associate with the cytoplasmic...
Neuropilin 1 is a membrane-bound coreceptor to a tyrosine kinase receptor for both Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Semaphorin family members....
IL-20 is a member of the IL-10 family of cytokines that has been shown to be upregulated in psoriatic skin. The receptor for IL-20 (IL-20R) exists as a dimer...
The human homolog FAST-1 and the corresponding mouse homolog, designated FAST-2, share significant sequence homology with xFAST-1, including a conserved...
Nephrin is a member of the immunoglobulin family of cell adhesion molecules that localizes to opposing sites of the secondary foot processes formed by...