Apolipoprotein H, Recombinant, Human (beta 2 Glycoprotein 1, ApoHb2gp1)

Beta2 Glycoprotein I (b2GPI) is a serum protein with a single polypeptide chain consisting of 326 amino acids and having a molecular weight of 50kD. The protein is also known by the alternative name Apolipoprotein H (ApoH) which gives an indication of its phospholipid binding function. Since the detection of 2 Glycoprotein I as a target of antiphospholipid antibodies in 1990 the discussion about the clinical relevance of beta2 GP I is still controversial. It is well established that anticardiolipin antibodies are a very heterogeneous group and that beta 2 GP I is only one of several potential targets for anticardiolipin antibodies. Nevertheless it is generally accepted that the binding of 2 GP I to anionic lipids or surface is essential for the differential detection of anticardiolipin antibodies associated with autoimmune diseases (versus those associated with infectious diseases like syphilis, tuberculosis, AIDS, etc). The close relationship of beta2-GP1 antibodies and cardiolipin antibodies may indicate that the b2 GP I isotypes have the same clinical relevance as the cardiolipin isotypes, where IgM, IgG and IgA autoantibodies have been observed and are routinely determined diagnostic targets. b2GP-1 antibodies and anticardiolipin antibodies can be detected in patients with arterial and venous thrombosis, recurrent fetal loss, thrombosis and SLE. The titers of anticardiolipin and anti-beta2 GP I antibodies usually fluctuate sufficiently that they cannot be used for disease monitoring.\n\nImmunological Functions:\n1. Binds IgA & IgG-type human auto-antibodies, Auto-antibodies to 2 glycoprotein I recognize conformation dependent and linear epitopes.\n2. Standard ELISA test (checker-board analysis of positive/negative sera panels including a reference calibrator).\n\nApplications: \nWestern-Blot with monoclonal anti-hexa-His-tag antibody and Goodpasture patient sera.\n\nCoating Concentration:\n0.5-1ug/ml (depending on the type of ELISA plate and coating buffer). Suitable for biotinylation and iodination.\n\nStability: \nStore at 4 degrees C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20 degrees C for longer periods of time. Please avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

A2299-77R

Size

5ug

Form

Supplied as a liquid in 16mM HEPES buffer, pH 7.2, 200mM sodium chloride and 20% glycerol.

Purity

(same/more than) 90% (SDS-PAGE)

References

1. Complete DNA sequence variation in the apolipoprotein H (beta-glycoprotein I) gene and identification of informative SNPs.\n\nAnn Hum Genet 2006 Jan;70(Pt 1):1-11\n\n2. Detection of a major gene effect for LDL peak particle diameter and association with apolipoprotein H gene haplotype.\n\nAtherosclerosis 2005 Oct;182(2):231-9\n\n3. Apolipoprotein H (apoH)-dependent autoantibodies and apoH protein polymorphism in selected patients showing lupus anticoagulant activity.\n\nClin Chem Lab Med 2005;43(1):17-21\n\n4. The response of serum apolipoprotein H to an oral fat load.\n\nAnn Clin Biochem 2004 Jul;41(Pt 4):330-4\n\n5. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the coding region of the apolipoprotein H (beta2-glycoprotein I) gene and their correlation with the protein polymorphism, anti-beta2glycoprotein I antibodies and cardiolipin binding: description of novel haplotypes and their evolution.\n\nAnn Hum Genet 2004 Jul;68(Pt 4):285-99\n\n6. Apolipoprotein H gene polymorphisms and risk of primary cerebral hemorrhage in a Chinese population.\n\nCerebrovasc Dis 2004;17(2-3):197-203