SHPRH (SNF2 Histone-linker PHD RING-finger Helicase, 2610103K11RIK, bA545I5.2, FLJ27258, FLJ37625, FLJ45012, FLJ90837, KIAA2023, MGC134886)

A novel gene containing Snf2, PHD-finger, RING-finger, helicase, and linker histone domains termed SHPRH, is a possible candidate for a tumor suppressor gene. These domains are characteristic of several DNA repair proteins, transcription factors, and helicases. Mapping of this gene to 6q24, a region reported to contain a tumor suppressor locus suggests a role in tumor suppression.\n\nA number of proteins with helicase like motifs are contained within the Snf2p family, named according to the Snf2p/Swi2p protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (for review see: Muchardt and Yaniv, 1999) The Snf2p/Swi2p protein has originally been characterized as protein required for sucrose fermentation (SNF = sucrose-non-fermenting) and for switching the mating type locus by the HO endonuclease (SWI = switch). Several proteins similar to Snf2p are members of the Snf/Swi family. According to a phylogenetic analysis of Eisen et al. (1995), the Snf2p family can be divided in subfamilies according to sequence homologies within and particularly outside the core region. Indeed, several of these proteins contain characteristic motifs, such as bromodomains, chromodomains and ring-fingers. The Snf/Swi complex in yeast relies on the Snf2p ATPase activity for its chromatin remodelling activity. The closest homolog of the Snf2p protein is Sth1p. The STH1 gene is, in contrast to SNF2, essential. The Sth1p pprotein is part of the RSC (Remodel the Structure of Chromatin) complex. Many of the Snf/Swi proteins are involved in growth control and cell cycle regulation and there absence or reduced dosage in heterozygote states are associated with cancer (Muchardt & Yaniv, 2001).\n\nMembers of the Snf2p family have been shown to be ATPases stimulated by naked DNA (e.g. Snf2p), proteins (e.g. Mot1p; Auble et al. 1997) or nucleosomes (e.g. Isw1p, Isw2p; Tsukiyama et al. 1999). However, no helicase activity has been demonstrated so far for any of these proteins and they may represent ATP-driven motors or translocases involved in structural rearrangements (Havas et al., 2000). Genetic and biochemical characterisations have shown that members of this family are involved in transcription activation, nucleosome rearrangements, recombination, repair and transcription coupled repair (TCR). Indeed, many of these proteins have been shown to be part of multi-subunit complexes. Proteins from Drosophila and mammals have been shown to be required in developmental processes, as it can be expected from the above described activities.\n\nApplications:\nWestern Blot: Use at 1:250-1:500 dilution. However, the investigator should determine the optimal dilution for a specific application such as immunohistochemistry.\n\nStorage and Stability:\nMay be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. For long-term storage and to avoid repeated freezing and thawing, aliquot and add glycerol (40-50%). Store at -20 degrees C or colder. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months at -20 degrees C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.

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